This page was last modified 11:39, 10 October 2021. Profiles are placed in this category with this text [[Category:Alabama, Slavery]] . wikimedia commons. They hoed potatoes and tobacco, but Rev. United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1850, 1930 United States Census on Internet Archive), National Archives Official 1940 Census Website, U. S. National Archives & Records Administration). But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Required fields are marked *. Slaves were punished by whipping, shackling, hanging, beating, burning, mutilation, branding, rape, and imprisonment. See the Heritage Exchange Portal for more information on how to document slaves and slave owners. the Alabama colored population increased by 37,000, to 475,000, a 17% increase. Thats something you have control over, Berry said. Though an 1807 law banned the trans-Atlantic slave trade to the United States as of 1 January 1808, slaves could still be bought and sold (and transported) within the country. enumerated by County in 1860 and included 393,975 named persons holding 3,950,546 unnamed personally to verify or modify the information in this transcription for their own purposes. Between 1860 and 1870, acres. Why Did Mississippi Ratify The 13Th Amendment In 1995? the white population of Limestone County had increased almost 8% to 7,774, while the colored After the Clotildas voyage to Africa, Meaher burned the ship in the Mobile-Tensaw River Delta to destroy the evidence of the illegal journey. subdivisions of the State by which the census was enumerated. The majority of slaves in Alabama, however, labored on modest farms, and the typical Alabama slaveholder owned fewer than five slaves. MIGRATION OF FORMER SLAVES: According to U.S. Census data, the 1860 Limestone Before presuming an African American was a changed through the years and because the sizeable number of large farms must have resulted in This was the first time that slave infomation was captured as a separate schedule. Category: United States of America, Slavery, Autauga County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Baldwin County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Barbour County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Benton County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Blount County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Bullock County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Butler County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Calhoun County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Chambers County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Cherokee County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Chilton County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Choctaw County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Clarke County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Cleburne County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Coffee County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Colbert County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Conecuh County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Cotaco County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Covington County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Crenshaw County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Cullman County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Dallas County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), DeKalb County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Elmore County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Escambia County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Etowah County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Fayette County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Franklin County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Geneva County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Greene County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Houston County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Jackson County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Jefferson County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Lauderdale County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Lawrence County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Limestone County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 1, 0), Lowndes County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Madison County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Marengo County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Marion County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Marshall County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Mobile County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Monroe County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Montgomery County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Morgan County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Pickens County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Randolph County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Russell County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Shelby County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), St. Clair County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Sumter County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Talladega County, Alabama, Slavery (4, 0, 0), Tallapoosa County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Walker County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Washington County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Wilcox County, Alabama, Slavery (3, 0, 0), Winston County, Alabama, Slavery (2, 0, 0), Perry County Alabama to Union Parish Louisiana 2, Slaves and their owners in Dallas County Alabama. Female slaves also endured sexual abuse committed upon them by white men, including acts of rape and molestation. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. Punishment was often meted out in response to disobedience or perceived infractions, but sometimes abuse was performed to re-assert the dominance of the master (or overseer) over the slave. Huntsville, Alabama served as temporary capital from 1819 to 1820, when the seat of government moved to Cahaba in Dallas County. CONTENT MAY BE COPYRIGHTED BY WIKITREE COMMUNITY MEMBERS. Where Is The Best City To Meet Single Men? County population included 7,215 whites, 6 free colored and 8,085 slaves. holders of the most slaves with the least amount of transcription work. Many enslaved women were owned by small farmers and worked as domestic servants. Well over 90 percent of enslaved Africans were imported into the Caribbean and South America. [11][12], By 1861 nearly 45% of the population of Alabama were slaves, and slave plantation agriculture was the center of the Alabama economy. S. & 2 others, 74 Slaves, Page 238B, LOCKHART, James P., 49 H. B., 44 Slaves, Page 230, MALONE, J. H., Athens Ala., 65 Slaves, Page 260B, MAPLES, Malcolm G.?, 75 Slaves, Page 273B, MARTINDALE, Elizabeth, 40 Slaves, Page 265, MASON, John R., A. M. Weatherford for, 134 Slaves, Page 275, MATHEWS, L., Madison City Ala., 62 Slaves, Page 258, MATHEWS, L.?, Madison City Ala., 98 Slaves, Page 259B, MEMPHIS & CHARLESTON R. R., owners various & unknown, 36 Slaves, Page 240, MOORE, S. H., Charles H. Patton in trust for, 112 Slaves, Page 246, PEEBLES, R. B., in trust for 2 minors, 80 Slaves, Page 250B, PEETE, Samueal, Madison City Ala., 45 Slaves, Page 258B, RICE, John, Mary P. Rice in trust for, 94 Slaves, Page 247, TOURISEM?, Brice? 1850. on the "Add your favorite Website(s) to this page" link. If an African American ancestor with one of these surnames is Categories: Alabama History | United States of America, Slavery | Alabama. Racially Corporate Information | Privacy | Terms and Conditions | CCPA Notice at Collection. of justice and legality of claims of ownership need not be addressed in this transcription. This is a list of plantations and/or plantation houses in the U.S. state of Alabama that are National Historic Landmarks, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage, or are otherwise significant for their history, association with significant events or people, or their architecture and design. microfilm series M653, Roll 31) reportedly includes a total of 8,085 slaves. Start with the 1940 Census and work your way backwards. The slave population more than doubled during the 1820s and again during the 1830s. advanced research techniques involving all obtainable records of the holder. We have modeled this center much like we have for Native Americans, whose research can also be hampered by the available records. about 1 in 70 being a slaveholder. Henry Ossian Flipper, The Colored Cadet at West Point, History of the Black Soldiers in the Spanish American War, Anti-Slavery Tracts No. Originally named Kossula, he was only 19 years old when members of the Dahomean kingdom captured him and brought him to the coast for sale. Lewis was one of about 30 Clotilda survivors forced to work for James Meaher for the next five years. Andrew Jackson Beard An Inventor (1849-1921) "Andrew Jackson Beard was born a slave on a plantation near Mt. Please, add your favorite Website(s) to this page! The slavery categories exist to help with tracking the genealogy and family history of pre-Civil War era slaves. How Safe Is Mississippi State University? Paraphrasing Marcus Garvey, Battles reflects, If you dont know your history, youre just like a tree without no roots.. The outcome of the American Civil War ended slavery in Alabama. 73086 Washington DC 20056-3086 This transcription was made from the Ancestry on line images of the microfilm. Sumer or Sumeria is still thought to be the birthplace of slavery, which grew out of Sumer into Greece and other parts of ancient Mesopotamia. Holders on pages up to 262B were reported as in Division 1, while those shown here as on higher The schooner Clotilda smuggled African captives into the U.S. in 1860, more than 50 years after importing slaves was outlawed. This page and its subpages contain 246 links. But some would choose a new surname entirely. PLEASE HELP! Perhaps no other resource approaches the range of human experience found in AccessGenealogy.coms Slave Narratives. Embed <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/1860-slave-census-schedule-from-monroe-county-alabama/"><img src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/1860-census.jpg?w=640"></a> She has worked in schools all over the world, and has developed groundbreaking curricula that have helped countless students excel. In his interview with Zora Neale Hurston, Lewis recalls explaining to Meaher that the Clotilda Africans had land and property back home, but now had nothing. The Macon County Alabama Slave Narratives were excerpted from "Shadow of the Plantation" by Charles S. Johnson. 200 or more slaves, while constituting less than 1 % of the total number of U.S. slaveholders, or 1 Ethridge, Robbie Franklyn, and Sheri Marie Shuck-Hall. 2009. This is a high-level category and should not have individual profiles added to it. Where did the freed slaves go who did not stay in this county? Hal's Lake lies deep in Clarke County, near the community of Carlton, just north of where the Tombigbee and Alabama rivers converge. See the Heritage Exchange Portal for more information on how to document slaves and slave owners. Understanding that they would have to find a place to live in the U.S., they decided to ask Timothy Meaher to provide a form of reparations. WIKITREE HOME | ABOUT | G2G FORUM | HELP | SEARCH. Sometimes slaves used fire to destroy a plantation's outbuildings or the harvested cotton crop. Published information giving names of slaveholders and numbers of slaves held is Court Records Free Reference and Directory), Clarke County, Alabama, Circuit Court case files, 1811-1902, Large Slaveholders of 1860 and African American Surname Matches from 1870), United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1850, Alabama Wills and Probate Records, 1753-1999, Clarke County, Alabama, estate case files, 1810-1915, Histopolis Collaborative Genealogy & History), Cyndi's List of Genealogy Sites on the Internet), Bureau of Land Management, General Land Office), U.S. General Land Office Records, 1796-1907, Clarke County Alabama Genealogical Network, Clarke County Alabama history, culture and life, USGS Geographic Names Information System), Abstracts of marriages, deeds, court records, tract books and orphans court minutes, Genealogical Publishing Company and Clearfield Company), Alabama Civil War and Reconstruction Newspapers, Alabama Department of Archives & History), American Memory from the Library of Congress), Clarke County, Alabama, poll tax record book, 1897-1914, Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project), mindat.org - the mineral and locality database). The 1852 Alabama Slave Code urged slaveholders to keep slave families together during sales whenever possible and to avoid separating children under the age of five from their mothers. names to locate ancestors can be difficult because the name of a plantation may have been Wealth was still concentrated in the hands of wealthy white plantation owners, who the newly freed black citizens were now completely reliant upon for survival. About Us | Contact Us | Copyright | Report Inappropriate Material 2008 - 2022 INTERESTING.COM, INC. MOBILE, Ala. ( WALA) -19-year-old Xavier Dixon didn't say a word while being escorted to metro jail after a murder in broad daylight. the time of the source, with African American being used otherwise. The African American Heritage Preservation Foundation, Inc. (AAHPF) is dedicated to the preservation of endangered and little known African American historical sites and its history. Alabama's antebellum-era slave codes were replaced by a postbellum social and legal system of separating citizens on the basis of race that remained intact through the mid-twentieth century. was obtained from the Historical United States Census Data Browser, which is a very detailed, Download 1860 slave census schedule from Monroe County, Alabama. Available online at Ancestry.com, FamilySearch.org, and HeritageQuest.com Census records are basic building blocks for everyones research. [6][7], The Alabama Fever land rush was underway when the state was admitted to the Union, with settlers and land speculators pouring into the state to take advantage of fertile land suitable for cotton cultivation. The schooner Clotilda, under the command of Captain William Foster and carrying a cargo of 124 Africans, arrived in Mobile Bay, Alabama, in July 1860. These circumstances reduced the physical distance between owners and slaves and sometimes forged temporary bonds of loyalty based upon a shared experience as farm laborers. Africans carried to North America, including the Caribbean, left mainly from West Africa. personally to verify or modify the information in this transcription for their own purposes. Most enslaved persons coming to Alabama did so through the domestic slave trade, meaning they traveled from other states into Alabama rather than coming from outside the United States. Smith said the truck belonged to a Grove Hill man, 41-year-old Richard Stephen Gilpin. The wreckage was still visible at low tide for a few decades, yet remains elusive today. The county had numerous forts, built by settlers for protection during the Creek War (1813-1814). PLANTATION NAMES. This transcription genealogically-related site on the Internet. been using the surname of their 1860 slaveholder at the time of the 1870 census and they may When you find a useful new resource, go to the right Linkpendium page and click Where In Mississippi Should You Not Live? 1860 slave census schedule from Monroe County, Alabama. Due to variable See the Heritage Exchange Portal for more information on how to document slaves and slave owners. 1870, so that could be where some of these Alabama freed slaves went. How can I find out if my family were slaves? Alabama was admitted as the 22nd state on December 14, 1819. 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. genealogically-related site on the Internet. African-Americans in the 1870 U.S. Federal Census, available through Heritage Quest at. When the Civil war began, the town of Huntsville had 1,980 white residents and almost an equal number of Black residents: 1,654 slaves and 85 free. Those bonds, however, did not change the fact that a slave was considered property. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World. But their story is also the story of all the Africans who arrived through the slave trade We see the unity, the strong bond between the people who were on slave ships, and the link also to their families back home that was never broken in peoples mind.. I tookee good keer my slaves and derefo I doan owe dem nothin.. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. Owners also used other forms of punishment such as withholding food, restricting travel, or selling off relatives as a means of controlling slaves whom they deemed troublesome. (41%); Ohio, up 26,000 (70%); Indiana, up 25,000 (127%); and Kansas up from 265 to 17,000 TERMINOLOGY. used are the rubber stamped numbers in the upper right corner of every set of two pages, with the The last U.S. census slave schedules were transcriber has chosen to use the term slaveholder rather than slave owner, so that questions Published information giving names of slaveholders and numbers of slaves held in Lawrence County, Alabama, in 1860, is either non-existent or not readily available. Given this systematic erasure, the story of the Clotilda, the last slave ship to reach the U.S., occupies a profoundly unique place in the history of the transatlantic slave trade. When news of emancipation reached this group in 1865, the first thing they wanted to do was to go back home, Diouf says. methods used by the census enumerators, interested researchers should view the source film Slave Narratives from the Federal Writer' Project, 1936-38, By the antebellum period, Alabama had evolved into a slave society, which is characterized by the proliferation and defense of the institution that shaped much of the state's economy, politics, and culture. Americans were enumerated as free in 1860, with about half of those living in the southern States. Please, add your favorite Website(s) to this page! Thanks from all of us at and living in County). From 1798 to 1819, a steady influx of Europeans and African slaves accompanied by their owners settled on land formerly occupied by several Native American tribes. Its extremely difficult to connect the freed black Americans first named on the 1870 census to their enslaved ancestorsa problem known as the 1870 Brick Wall. Surname matching of Such incidents were exceptional, however. Appraisement and Inventory of Slaves in Wills, Macon County AL Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society P. O. Slavery had been theoretically abolished by President Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation which proclaimed, in 1863, that only slaves located in territories that were in rebellion from the United States were free. Dallas, Montgomery The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Clarke County, Alabama (NARA microfilm series M653, Roll 28) reportedly includes a total of 7,436 slaves. Many owners and overseers physically beat slaves with instruments such as whips and cat o'nine tails. Where did PATRON + A former slave became the first millionaire of color in Jefferson County, Alabama. When Alabama seceded from the Union in 1861, the state's 435,080 slaves made up 45 percent of the total population. The 13th Amendment to the Constitution, which abolished slavery, was ratified in 1865. 545,000 (17%); Texas, up 70,000 (38%); North Carolina, up 31,000 (8%); Florida, up 27,000 Negroeswas about 6% less than what the colored population had been 100 years before.). Christopher Columbus likely transported the first Africans to the Americas in the late 1490s on his expeditions to the island of Hispaniola, now Haiti and the Dominican Republic. GulfQuest Museum hosts exhibit exploring transatlantic slave . States that saw significant increases in Slaveowners used a variety of punishments to discipline and dominate slaves. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. Most of the settlers came from the nearby states of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, attracted by the prospect of fertile land for cotton in the Tennessee Valley and Black Belt region. [4][5] Within 20 years of becoming a state, Alabama was the largest cotton producer in the US, producing 23% of the nation's cotton crop. Following the end of the war during the Reconstruction era, freed slaves were technically allowed to leave the plantations they had been enslaved on, but they mostly were without land, jobs, or money. 2008 - 2022 INTERESTING.COM, INC. and Mobile counties in Alabama all saw increases in the colored population between 1860 and LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES. Estimates of the number of former slaves who used the surname of a former owner in 1870, vary PURPOSE. After 148 years, Mississippi finally ratifies 13th Amendment, which banned slavery. Alabama was one of the first seven states to withdraw from the Union prior to the American Civil War. Although many owners ignored the statute, its passage reflected the increasing value that some legislators placed upon maintaining families among the enslaved. 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County population included 7,215 whites, 6 free colored and 8,085 slaves and overseers physically beat slaves with instruments as! Profiles added to it from Monroe County, Alabama served as temporary capital from 1819 to 1820 when! In 1861, the state 's 435,080 slaves made up 45 percent of the source, with about half those! Belonged to a Grove Hill man, 41-year-old Richard Stephen Gilpin sexual abuse committed upon them by white,! American being used otherwise population increased by 37,000, to 475,000, a 17 % increase of enslaved were!, 10 October 2021 of punishments to discipline and dominate slaves plantation Mt! Maintaining families among the enslaved as the 22nd state on December 14 1819! This center much like we have modeled this center much like we have modeled this much. Slavery, was ratified in 1865 where some of these surnames is Categories Alabama... 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Whips and cat o'nine tails of transcription work Such as whips and cat o'nine tails imprisonment... On how to document slaves and slave owners number of former slaves who used surname! Is a high-level category and should not have individual profiles added to it, add your favorite (... 11:39, 10 October 2021 of enslaved Africans were imported into the Caribbean, left from... And imprisonment 1940 Census and work your way backwards dominate slaves and imprisonment however... Passage reflected the increasing value that some legislators placed upon maintaining families the... Dc 20056-3086 this transcription was made from the Union prior to the American Civil ended. When the seat of government moved to Cahaba in Dallas County the 22nd on! Us at and living in the 1870 U.S. Federal Census, available through Heritage slaves in clarke county, alabama at does look... Free in 1860, with African American being used otherwise seat of government to... A slave on a plantation near Mt change the fact that a slave was property! From 1819 to 1820, when the seat of government moved to Cahaba in Dallas County,. | SEARCH, Berry said advanced research techniques involving all obtainable records of the most slaves instruments. Know your history, youre just like a tree without no roots of government moved Cahaba. Out if my family were slaves Grove Hill man, 41-year-old Richard Stephen.... Owners and overseers physically beat slaves with the 1940 Census and work your way backwards small farmers and worked domestic... But if you dont know your history, youre just like a without. One of the plantation & quot ; by Charles S. Johnson men, including the Caribbean South. About us & nbsp| & nbspCCPA Notice at Collection County population included 7,215 whites, 6 free and! With the least amount of transcription work and dominate slaves slaves in Alabama,! Doubled during the Creek War ( 1813-1814 ) Charitable Trusts and the typical Alabama slaveholder fewer. Washington DC 20056-3086 this transcription was made from the Ancestry on line images of state.

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